HINDU CUSTOMS, TRADITIONS AND FESTIVALS – A WAY OF BRIDGING SPIRITUALITY AND SCIENCE

-*Dr. S. Vijay Kumar Hindu customs, traditions and festivals were considered as superstitions, but with the advent of science, it is becoming evident that these are based on some scientific knowledge. Though, the common people did not know science is behind them, they were following it very faithfully over the years. Among the rich array of traditions, Hinduism stands as a beacon of ancient wisdom. Beyond the surface of these Hindu traditions lies scientific reasons that have guided the lives of countless individuals through the ages. Many Hindu practices have deep scientific reasoning that aligns with our understanding of the natural world, human psychology, and even health. Yoga, a cornerstone of Hinduism, offers numerous scientifically proven benefits. It enhances flexibility, strength, and mental well-being. Through controlled breathing and postures, yoga positively impacts the nervous system, reducing stress, anxiety, and improving overall physical health. Many Hindu rituals are rooted in astronomical and natural phenomena. Celebrations like Diwali, the festival of lights, coincide with seasonal changes and solar events, symbolizing the victory of light over darkness. As one of the oldest living religions, Hinduism is characterized by its multifarious spiritual practices and highly symbolic rituals. Even though many rituals in Hinduism are considered religious or spiritual, they often have scientifically corroborative rationales. By understanding the scientific justification of Hindu traditions, we can see how these practices have been formulated to benefit human beings in the body, mind and spirit. Currently, the longevity and effects of these practices on human physiology have a good resonance with modern science. The observance of Hindu traditions can become more encouraging and relevant to individuals if the rationale is put forward within the backdrop of contemporary society. *Head & Professor (Associate) of Economics (Retd.), KGC (A), Hanamkonda, Ex - Member Board of Studies, Kakatiya University, Warangal. India is a land of culture, tradition, and customs. Indian traditions and culture are known universally. Culture describes all the mental processes that are (or can be) subject to social transmission, as well as other elements of human behavior that help to establish and form our mental processes. Our heritage is so rich that the whole world is attracted by our customs. We have been following our customs and tradition since ages and science is embedded in these traditions and customs. Countless rituals and traditions have been performed in Indian homes for centuries. Customs and manners are the expressions of ethics and social conduct in a society. Indian culture is dominating the whole world today because of its rich culture. When the whole world is reeling under the Pandemic threat western countries are adopting the Indian traditions which include many forms of greetings, and etiquette like washing the hands and feet’s before entering the house, drink water without sipping (no lip contact). Each of them was tagged with cultural beliefs, having scientific reasoning behind it. This Paper is an attempt to bring forward the science behind Hindu Customs, Traditions, Rituals and Festivals. Namaskar: It means in Hindu culture; people greet each other by joining their palms. In general, meaning behind this tradition is to greet by joining both the palms means expressing respect to others. However, scientifically speaking, joining both the hands ensures joining the tips of all the fingers together pressing them together is said to activate the pressure points and, no germs since we don’t make any physical contact with others. During Covid Pandemic period, the whole world realized the scientific reason behind our “Namaskar”. Saastaanga Namaskar: In this form, the person lies down flat on his stomach, with the eight parts of the body touching the ground. Meaning, a salutation is said to be eight-limbed when it is performed with one's chest, head, mind, body, speech, feet, knees and hands. When one does this it increases the blood circulation and also provides useful exercise and promotes vigour and enthusiasm. Charan Sparsh (Touching the Feet): Usually, touching the feet of either elder or pious people is to respect them, by this you can reduce your ego and their hearts emit positive thoughts and energy called their kindness and blessings, which reaches you through their hands and toes. In essence, the completed circuit enables flow of energy and increases cosmic energy, switching on a quick connect between two minds and hearts. The Atharva –Veda gives great importance to this type of greeting. Here a person exhibits the respect one holds for the elderly person. The scientific basis to Charan Sparsh is that the human body releases vibrations and also receives them from the person who comes close. This helps in the flow of energy in the body. Indian Women Wear Toe Ring & Anklets: Wearing toe rings is not just the significance of married women but there is science behind it. Normally toe rings are worn on the second toe. A particular nerve from the second toe connects the uterus and passes to heart. It will keep it healthy by regulating the blood flow to it and menstrual cycle will be regularized. As silver is a good conductor, it also absorbs polar energies from the earth and passes it to the body. It Prevents swelling of the soles of the feet, protects against swelling and curing inflammation of the heel regulating blood circulation. It also helps in regulating the menstrual problems, infertility, hormonal imbalance and abnormal conditions of obstetrics, helps maintain sexual desire. Silver being a conductor of energy, helps absorb the polar energy from the earth and work as a mediator between the earth and the human body and makes a woman more energetic while sending the negative energy to earth through the foot. There is mention about the treatment of gynaecological problems while wearing the toe ring which helps in toe massage. Acupressure is the best medium. Indian Women Wearing Bangles: The circular shape of bangles is said to help positive energy flow through a woman’s body without escaping. It’s also interesting to note that in Hindu culture, pregnant women are often given glass bangles to wear on their arms. The sound of the tinkling bangles is said to stimulate the baby’s brain cells and promote development. Plus, it can help to calm the woman and reduce stress. It’s interesting how glass bangles, in particular, are believed to absorb positive energy and repel negative energy, helping to purify the surroundings. Most of the disease are diagnosed by the pulse beat of the wrist. When women wear bangles, the friction of bangles increases the blood circulation level. Besides, the energy that passes through the outer skin is sent back to the body through a circular bangle. As there is a nerve in our wrist that tells us the heart beat rate, these bangles increase the blood circulation within the body and it doesn't let the charges of the body to go out. The sound generated by the glass bangles keeps negative energies at bay. Wearing Gold Jewelry on their Upper body and Silver Jewelry on their Lower body: It’s common to observe Indian women wearing gold jewelry on their upper body and silver jewelry on their lower body. Scientifically speaking, silver has a positive reaction to the Earth’s energy, whereas gold has a positive reaction to the body’s energy and aura. Hence, silver is often worn as anklets or toe rings, while gold is preferred for adorning the upper body. Natni (Nose Ring): According to Indian traditions and culture, 'Natni' is considered as a sign of marriage, and is an integral part of traditional bridal jewellery. It is usually worn on the left side of the nose in India. According to Ayurveda, piercing of the nose is associated with female reproductive organs. It is believed that a woman who is pierced on the left side experiences less pain during childbirth and less pain during menstruation. It also regulates the breath and also protects nasal problems and relief from cough and cold. Wearing Ear Rings: Wearing gold earrings by women helps in regulating menstrual periods and relieves in problems like hysteria. Wearing Mangalsutra: ‘Mangalsutra' is the identity of a married woman, which is worn as a symbol of keeping the woman happy for life, but the science behind it is that the Mangalsutra is worn above the heart with the hollow side facing the body so that the positive energies are attracted towards the void of the cups and this helps to regulate the blood circulation in the woman's body. The gold wire of the Mangalsutra destroys the distressing vibrations present within the Universe through its energy. The black colour of the beads is claimed to soak up all negative vibrations. Applying Tilak on the Forehead: On the forehead, between the two eyebrows, is a spot that is considered as a major nerve point in human body since ancient times. The Tilak is believed to prevent the loss of "energy". The red 'kumkum' between the eyebrows is said to retain energy in the human body and control the various levels of concentration. While applying kumkum the points on the mid-brow region and Adnya-chakra are automatically pressed. This also facilitates the blood supply to the face muscles. Sindoor is prepared by mixing turmeric-lime and the metal mercury. Due to its intrinsic properties, mercury, besides controlling blood pressure also activates sexual drive. This also explains why Sindoor is prohibited for the widows. For best results, Sindoor should be applied right up to the pituitary gland where all our feelings are centered. Mercury is also known for removing stress and strain. Temples Bells (Ghanta Naad): Helps in sensory activation. People visiting the temple will ring the bell before entering the inner sanctum (Garbhagudi) where the main idol is placed. According to Agama Sastra (Science related temple construction), the bell is used to give sound for keeping evil forces away and the ringing of the bell is pleasant to God. However, the scientific reason behind the bells is that their ring clears our mind and helps us to stay sharp and keep our full concentration on devotional purpose. These bells are made in such a way that when they produce a sound it creates a unity in the Left and Right parts of our brains. The moment we ring the bell, it produces a sharp and enduring sound which lasts for minimum of 7 seconds in echo mode. The duration of echo is good enough to activate all the seven healing centers in our body. This results in emptying our brain from all negative thoughts. Navratri: Our living style has drastically changed if we compare it to the society of hundreds and thousands of years ago. Ever thought, why do we have Navratri twice a year (Ganesh Navratri occurs in Rainy Season and Dasara Navratri occurs in Autumn Season) unlike other festivals like Deepawali or Holi? Well, both these months are the months of changing seasons and the eating habits of both the seasons are quite different from each other. These nine days were marked as a period when people would clean their body system by keeping fasts by avoiding excessive salt and sugar, meditate, gain a lot of positive energy, gain a lot of self-confidence and increase the self-determination power. Fasts are a medium to improve our will power and to give partial rest to our digestive system to reactivate again and finally get ready for the challenges of the changed season. Tulsi Plant: Hindu religion has bestowed ‘Tulsi’, with the status of mother. Tulsi has been recognized as a religious and spiritual devout in many parts of the world. The Vedic sages knew the benefits of Tulsi and that is why they personified it as a Goddess and gave a clear message to the people to plant Tulsi in every house, because it has great medicinal properties. It is a remarkable antibiotic. Taking Tulsi every day in tea or otherwise increases immunity and help the drinker to prevent from diseases. Keeping Tulsi plant at home prevents insects and mosquitoes from entering the house. It is said that snakes do not dare to go near a Tulsi plant. That is why; many people may be growing lots of Tulsi near and in their houses. Hindus Worship Peepal Tree: ‘Peepal’ tree is almost useless for any purpose but, our ancestors knew that ‘Peepal’ is one of the very few trees which produces oxygen even at night. So in order to save this tree because of its unique property they related it to God/Religion. Choti on the Male Head: Sushrut Rishi, the foremost surgeon of Ayurveda, describes the master sensitive spot on the head as Adhipati Marma, where there is a nexus of all nerves. The shikha protects this spot. Below, in the brain, occurs the Brahmarandhra, where the Sushumnã (nerve) arrives from the lower part of the body. In Yoga, Brahmarandhra is the highest, seventh chakra, with the thousand-petalled lotus. It is the center of wisdom. The knotted Shikha helps boost this center and conserve its subtle energy known as ojas. Applying Mehndi/Henna on the Hands and Feet: Mehndi is a very powerful medicinal herb. Weddings are stressful, and often, the stress causes headaches and fevers. As the wedding day approaches, the excitement mixed with nervous anticipation can take its toll on the bride and groom. Application of mehndi can prevent too much stress because it cools the body and keeps the nerves from becoming tense. Why not to sleep with your head towards North: Myth is that it invites ghost or death but science says that it is because human body has its own magnetic field (Also known as hearts magnetic field, because the flow of blood) and Earth is a giant magnet. When we sleep with head towards north, our body's magnetic field become completely asymmetrical to the Earth's Magnetic field. That because problems related to blood pressure and our heart needs to work harder in order to overcome this asymmetry of Magnetic fields. Apart from this another reason is that our body have significant amount of iron in our blood. When we sleep in this position, iron from the whole body starts to congregate in brain. This can cause headache, Alzheimer’s disease, Cognitive decline, Parkinson disease and brain degeneration. Surya Namaskar: Hindus have a tradition of paying regards to Sun God early in the morning by their water offering ritual. It was mainly because looking at Sun rays through water or directly at that time of the day is good for eyes and also by waking up to follow this routine, we become prone to a morning lifestyle and mornings are proven to be the most effective part of the day. Other benefits are muscle toning, weight loss, flexibility, improved digestion, circulation, promoting mental well-being, stress reduction, enhanced energy, a calm mind and gaining vitamin D for strong bones and healthy immune system. Ear Piercing in Children (Karnabedhan Samskara), meaning the act where the earlobe is pierced. It has major importance in the sixteen Samskaras. It is performed between the first and the third year after the birth of the child. Karnabedhan is generally done along with Chudakarana. The science behind Karnabedhan is equated with acupuncture and acupressure treatment. There are many acupuncture and acupressure points in the outer part of our ear which is important for the treatment of asthma. Piercing the ears has a great importance in Indian ethos. Indian physicians and philosophers believe that piercing the ears helps in the development of intellect, power of thinking and decision making faculties. Talkativeness fritters away life energy. Ear piercing helps in speech-restraint. It helps to reduce impertinent behaviour and the ear-channels become free from disorders. This idea appeals to the Western world as well, and so they are getting their ears pierced to wear fancy earrings as a mark of fashion. Why Fasting is Necessary: Fasting helps in detoxification and in self-control. Fasting is heavily practiced in Hinduism during festivals or other religious observances. Scientific studies have shown that intermittent fasting reduces inflammation, helps with cell repair and improves insulin sensitivity. It helps maintain physical health, supports discipline and provides mental focus, which explains the Hindu perspective on fasting. The underlying principle behind fasting is to be found in Ayurveda. This ancient Indian medical system sees the basic cause of many diseases as the accumulation of toxic materials in the digestive system. Regular cleansing of toxic materials keeps one healthy. By fasting, the digestive organs get rest and all body mechanisms are cleansed and corrected. A complete fast is good for heath, and the occasional intake of warm lemon juice during the period of fasting prevents the flatulence. Since the human body, as explained by Ayurveda, is composed of 80% liquid and 20% solid, like the earth, the gravitational force of the moon affects the fluid contents of the body. It causes emotional imbalances in the body, making some people tense, irritable and violent. Fasting acts as antidote, for it lowers the acid content in the body which helps people to retain their sanity. Research suggests there are major health benefits to caloric restriction like reduced risks of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, immune disorders etc. Why Idol Worship: Hinduism propagates idol worship more than any other religion. Researchers say that this was initiated for the purpose of increasing concentration during prayers. According to psychiatrists, a man will shape his thoughts as per what he sees. If you have 3 different objects in front of you, your thinking will change according to the object you are viewing. Similarly, in ancient India, idol worship was established so that when people view idols it is easy for them to concentrate to gain spiritual energy and meditate without mental diversion. It can also increase the concentration power of a person. Why Should We Visit Temple? Temple Architectures are “Geometric Energy Fields”. Hindu temples are built according to “Devaalaya Aagama Shastra”, an ancient Indian architectural science. These buildings are strategically placed at sites with a strong magnetic field. Energy is thoughtfully designed to flow through the sanctum sanctorum; hence, temples serve as places for spiritual elevation. The atmosphere, architecture and energy fields facilitate emotional, mental, and physical balance. Temples are located strategically at a place where the positive energy is abundantly available from the magnetic and electric wave distributions of north/south pole thrust. The main idol is placed in the core center of the temple, known as “Garbhagriha” or “Moolasthanam”. In fact, the temple structure is built after the idol has been placed. This “Moolasthanam” is where earth’s magnetic waves are found to be maximum. We know that there are some copper plates, inscribed with Vedic scripts, buried beneath the Main Idol. The copper plate absorbs earth’s magnetic waves and radiates it to the surroundings. Thus, a person regularly visiting a temple and walking clockwise around the Main Idol receives the beamed magnetic waves and his body absorbs it. This is a very slow process and a regular visit will let him absorb more of this positive energy. Scientifically, it is the positive energy that we all require to have a healthy life. Chanting Mantras: The repetition of sacred mantras, such as Om and the Gayatri Mantra generates sound waves that affect the brain and nervous system. Research has shown that repeating mantras helps to relax the person, reduces anxiety and enhances the brain's function. Many devotees use “Rudraksha Jap Mala” which is the sacred string of beads that is traditionally used to count repetitious mantras (Japa). “Rudraksha beads” are considered to represent God's tears. Shiva holds the power of spiritual healing and has therapeutic value. Each one of them has electromagnetic properties that aid in stabilizing the heart beat as well as improve mental clarity. This kind of therapy encourages the traditional Hindu practices, like the chanting of mantras to bring peace and healing. It's a beautiful example of how Hindu rituals and science intersect, offering both metaphysical and physiological benefits. Lighting Lamps: Lighting a lamp symbolizes the removal of darkness. From science perspective, the heat produced by the lamp could remove airborne bacteria and moisture which can aid in the environmental purification. This method creates a relaxing environment that facilitates the attainment of a meditative state. It is beneficial both from a health and spiritual viewpoints. Blowing the Conch (Shankha): The blowing of the conch shell during rituals generates a very high frequency believed to eliminate negative energy. From a scientific point of view, the frequency could affect the vagus nerve. This can help to balance the nervous system of parasympathetic. This results in less stress, better digestion, and general peace. Walking Barefoot in Temples: Walking around barefoot on the floor at the level of a temple provides an immediate contact to the Earth, this is referred to as earthing or grounding. Research suggests that grounding could aid in the treatment of insomnia, chronic pain and low mood. It binds the body to Earth's electrons and helps stabilize the body's bioelectrical system. Spices Use in Hindu Rituals: Hindu rituals incorporate ingredients like the spice turmeric, sandalwood and saffron. Each has potent medicinal properties. Sandalwood acts as an anti-inflammatory and saffron is an antioxidant and relaxant. Their role in Hindu rituals demonstrates the scientific foundations of Hindu treatments for healing by using natural remedies for health. Circumambulation (Pradakshina): Pradakshina, also known as circumambulation, is the movement of a clockwise direction around the deity or a sacred fire. The physical movements do not just recreate spirit, but also help to create harmony between the brain's right and left hemispheres. The movement stimulates the motor system, which stimulates awareness. Vedas & Upanishads: Vedas are Hindu “Treasure of ancient and sacred knowledge. Upanishads are collection of “Ancient Indian philosophical and religious texts”. Their invaluable contributions to Astronomy are an inseparable part of the holy Rig Veda. Similarly, the Samhitas and the Atharva Veda, respectively, are the repositories of important treatises on medicine and mathematics. Hindu Culture is thus inseparable from science, and vice versa. 'Na hi jnanena sadrusam' (Bhagavad Gita Chapter 4, Verse 38) meaning “There is nothing as purifying as knowledge”, epitomizes the homage of Indian culture to learning and inspired our ancients' quest for knowledge. There will be no exaggeration if we say that Indian culture is the storehouse of all human qualities because Indian culture believes in the mantra 'Sarve Bhavantu Sukhinah’ (Brihadaranyaka Upanishad) meaning may all become happy and from this arises a great welfare mantra of 'Vasudaika Kutumbakam' (Maha Upanishad 6.71-75) meaning the whole world is one single family. Significance of Rudraksha in Hindu Religion: Rudraksha beads hold a special place in Hindu spirituality, often fashioned into jewelry such as pendants and maalas, or used as chanting beads. These revered beads, known for their spiritual significance and healing properties, have fascinated many. The term "Rudraksha" is derived from two Sanskrit words: “Rudra,” meaning Lord Shiva, and “Aksha,” meaning tears. Rudraksha beads have been great respect for centuries in both Hinduism and Buddhism, praised for their spiritual, mental, and physical benefits. These sacred beads are believed to be imbued with divine power, offering wearers protection and enlightenment. Ancient Hindu scriptures narrate that Rudraksha beads originated from the tears of Lord Shiva. One legend describes how, during a deep meditation for the well-being of all creatures, Lord Shiva's intense compassion and love for humanity caused tears to fall from his eyes. These tears crystallized into Rudraksha beads upon hitting the earth, which fell to the earth and transformed into Rudraksha trees. The quality of Rudraksha beads can vary based on their origin, with certain regions being renowned for producing high-quality beads. Rudraksha beads from Nepal are highly valued for their larger size, distinct mukhis (facets), and superior quality. The dense and robust nature of these beads contributes to their durability and spiritual potency. Indonesia, particularly the islands of Java and Sumatra, is another prominent source of Rudraksha beads. These beads are known for their unique characteristics and spiritual attributes. In India, Rudraksha beads are primarily found in the Himalayan region, including Uttarakhand. Indian Rudraksha beads are renowned for their unique spiritual vibrations and are often used in religious practices across the country. Etiquette: The global epidemic reminds us of our old culture and tradition that has been left behind the western culture. We feel proud to westernize. Indian values follow few rituals from time immemorial having its own significance. The habit of washing the hands and feet before eating a meal, before entering the house, was considered as a cultural belief, has more science behind it. The human body is the powerhouse of energy, called 'chakras'. When we are asleep this part stops generating energy hence we are inactive for some time when we wake up. That is the reason why we wash our face and take a bath so that we energies these chakras. When we travel from one place to another we roam about in many places many germs attack us through our hands and feet. According to Ayurveda, it is believed that diseases related to eyes occur when we have unhygienic feet. So, Indians follow a tradition of leaving their footwear outside the house and wash their hands and feet before entering the house so that the negative energy is warded off and germs will not enter the house. When we wash our hands and legs with cool water it relaxes and relives our body from stress. The reason why most Indians don't sip water from a glass, or bottle sipped by another person is to ensure that he does not transfer germs leading a way to contact diseases. Samskaras: Indian culture holds special importance for the rituals termed as Samskaras. It is an integral part of the Vedic tradition. Each samskara has a definite significance and serves a definite purpose. It helps the individual to proceed through each stage of life. There are forty Samskaras mentioned in the scriptures (being Smart Samskaras, Panch Maha Yajnas, Paka Yajnas, Srauta Karmas and Soma Yajnas) which are performed as occasion arises. Of all these Samskaras the Shodash Samskaras (The Sixteen Samskaras) have a prominent place and are prevalent in Indian Society. I will mention some of them here which has scientific background. They are: Garbhadhanais Samskara is major identity of Indian culture, civilization and customs, which begin with the rites when the fetus develops within the mother and are performed for the well-being of both (Fetus & Mother). Described in ‘Vyasamriti’. Garbhadhanais is a samskara that sanctifies conception, the act by which the embryo is well borne. Medical research has confirmed that during the time of physical intimacy, the mental state of the couple has a reflection on the child. The mental status of a pregnant woman is very important to give birth to a mentally and physically healthy child. That is why, mother should eat healthy food and listen to good stories related great persons. This was proved in case of many people like King Prhalada, and Shivaji Maharaj. Simantonnayanais Samskara performed in the fifth or seventh or ninth month of pregnancy which is meant for the well-being of the mother and the child she is carrying. This prenatal samskara provides a conducive and positive emotional environment. Jaatakarma is a samskara performed at the birth for the purification of the newborn child. This is done for the strength, longevity, and intelligence of the child. In this ceremony, cotton soaked in ghee is placed on the baby’s head. The scientific reason behind this ritual is that it prevents heat loss from the baby’s head preventing hypothermia. This also helps in initiating the gastrointestinal movement of the baby and activate the gut. Niskramanais Samskara performed during the third or fourth month after childbirth. It means 'stepping out of the house'. By this time the newborn child gets accustomed to the sun, air and the noise of the environment. The baby develops enough immunity and tolerance to the external environment. The baby's head becomes steady, there is hand and eye coordination. The persistence of primitive reflexes, if any can be known. Annaprasana Samskara is the ceremony held in the 6th month where the child is fed with solid food for the first time. Traditionally a mixture of rice, ghee, curd, and honey is given. During this ceremony, mantras are chanted by the priest for the health and strength of the child. This also signifies that the child learns to eat the right kind of food. During this time the child starts teething and the digestive system of the child is ready to accept solid food. Cereals are the basic food which helps the child to obtain nutrition thereby providing nourishment and facilitate growth. Chudakarana Samskara (Kesha Khandana Samskara) is the samskara performed when the child is a year old or when the Child is three years old. It is performed by chanting mantras following the family tradition. All the hair is shaved off during this ceremony. Hair acts as a protective layer. Cutting of hair gives lightness and prosperity. This samskara gives a chance for the examination of the skull and the growth of hair. Detection of abnormalities like craniosynostosis, wide sutures, microcephaly, macrocephaly, elevated or depressed fontanels, etc. The Significance Behind Indian Food Etiquette: Food is one of the basic needs of every living organism. Besides being a physiological necessity it also has an importance on an emotional level. Food is an integral part of Indian culture. The specialty of Indian food and drink is different from any other country. Our forefathers emphasized on the point we start with spicy food and end with a sweet. The significance behind this is that starting with spicy food activates our digestive juices and ensures that the digestion process goes on smoothly and in the end sweet is to be taken because sweets reduce digestive power. All the spices used in Indian food play a key role in good health. Not only do they add aroma to the food but they act as antibiotics and antiseptics. Regular use of Turmeric helps to control cholesterol, blood pressure and reduces the risk of heart diseases. Pepper is a detoxing agent which helps the body to have a good immune system. Cardamom, cloves act as mouth freshener's and help in digestion of the food. Curry leaves help maintain sugar levels and proper functioning of the liver. Use of ghee in our food helps in balancing the excess acid found in the stomach and is a rich source of vitamin A and E and a good antioxidant. This is the reason why the whole world praised Indian food and understood the healthy benefits of having it during the corona pandemic. From olden days, till present day food is served in banana leaves. Sitting on floor and eating, it is regarding sitting in the “Sukhasan” position and then eating. Sukhasan is the position we normally use for yoga asanas. Sitting in this position while eating helps in improving digestion as the circulatory system can focus solely upon digestion and not on our legs dangling from a chair or supporting us while we are standing. In Indian culture, 'Paan' (betel leaves) has a very significant role to play. It is used for all traditional rituals in all auspicious occasions. The practice of eating betel leaves after food is prevalent in India. It is useful to digest the food quickly. Importance & Scientific Reasons Behind Hindu Festivals: The seasonal festivals in India not only reflect the cultural and religious diversity of the country but also serve practical purposes related to agriculture, community bonding, and environmental awareness. They help to create a rhythm of life that aligns with nature's cycles, promoting sustainability and gratitude for the resources provided by the earth. 1. Spring (Holi): • Cultural Significance: Holi is celebrated to mark the arrival of spring and the end of winter. It symbolizes the victory of good over evil, as well as the joy of love and togetherness. • Scientific Aspect: Spring is a time of renewal and growth; the festival coincides with the blooming of flowers and the harvest season, which is significant for agrarian communities. 2. Summer (Makar Sankranti): • Cultural Significance: Makar Sankranti marks the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Capricorn. It is celebrated with kite flying and feasting. • Scientific Aspect: This festival also indicates the end of winter solstice and the onset of longer days. It is a time for harvesting crops, particularly in the case of rice and sugarcane. 3. Monsoon (Teej and Raksha Bandhan): • Cultural Significance: Teej celebrates the arrival of the monsoon and is dedicated to the goddess Parvati. Raksha Bandhan symbolizes the bond between brothers and sisters. • Scientific Aspect: The monsoon season is crucial for agriculture, providing necessary rainfall for crops. Festivals during this time often involve rituals to ensure a good harvest and express gratitude for the rains. 4. Autumn (Diwali): • Cultural Significance: Diwali, the festival of lights, signifies the victory of light over darkness and good over evil. It is celebrated with fireworks, lamps, and sweets. • Scientific Aspect: Diwali occurs after the harvesting season. It is a time for farmers to celebrate their crops and seek blessings for future prosperity. The lighting of lamps can also be seen as a way to ward off insects and pests. 5. Winter (Pongal and Lohri): • Cultural Significance: Pongal is a harvest festival celebrated primarily in South India, while Lohri is celebrated in North India to mark the end of winter. • Scientific Aspect: These festivals are tied to the harvest cycle, particularly for crops like rice and sugarcane. They also involve rituals that promote community bonding and appreciation of agricultural abundance. Conclusion: Modern times provide scientific explanations of Hindu practices that are commonly referred to as Shastra. Hindu practices are effective in removing unrealistic notions about health. The scientific aspect of Hindu rituals that are incorporated with mythological beliefs aids in unravelling the mystery of these rituals as they are no longer regarded as an unscientific, fanciful and illusory. The real purpose of the customs followed in our day to day lives, carry the possible scientific reason which we got convinced with. Our ancient customs or traditions have magnificence of living. It is our duty to pass on this heritage of traditions to our future generations for a peaceful life. Today, there is a need to approve it again and there is a call to assimilate it. While culture and science separately give rise to a kind of fundamentalism in society, together they create a kind of positivity, where culture strengthens our roots while science gives us the sky to fly. Religious beliefs when analysed scientifically help in bringing tradition and science closer. We are living in an era of the scientific revolution – Science is involved in raising money, power and material comfort for man. While, Hinduism give preference to spirituality. Tensions and disputes are feared in rapidly changing societies, so there should be harmony between scientific progress and culture i.e.; the beauty and morality. With this, our life can be filled with real joy. Indian culture has an amazing ability to teach the ideal to all human beings of the world. To overcome today's nuclear storm, we have to adopt the cultural strength of our past, which has been preferred for ages. Lastly, Sa Prathmasanskriti: Vishwavara" –Yajurveda (7/14), this phrase means the first and supreme culture (Hindu Culture) should be imbibed by every civilization. References: 1. Acharya Priti Bhargava: Information, Science & Spirituality: Information, Science & Spirituality. 2. Amazing Scientific Logics behind Hindu Traditions himalayanglacier.com/19-amazing-scientific-logics-behind-hindu-traditions/ 3. The Divine Hindu Blog: Spiritual Insights and Inspirations. The Science Behind Hindu Ritual: Why We Do What We Do 4. Hindu Rites, Rituals, Customs and Traditions, Pustak Mahal, Delhi, 2012. 5. Scientific Reasons behind Women Traditions in India - A Brief Review, P.V. Hemalatha, (International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education (IJHSSE) Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2017). 6. Rudraksha Origin Story: A Journey Through Time and Spirituality by Suraj Singh Bhalla, P. Prem. 7. 16 Sanskar in Hinduism Every Parent Should Know Vasustore.comvasustore.com/blogs/baby-care/16-sanskar-in-hinduism? srsltid=AfmBOoo3yo6UmBYtY1BhUAShGJe3Jss6LOfBZ0HunDp1D3J9WCXYmwmA 8. The Science Behind Hindu Festivals Prachinsanatanyuga.comprachinsanatanyuga.com/the-science-behind-hindu-festivals/ 9. The Underlying Scientific Basis of Indian Traditions and Practices www.exoticindiaart.com/article/the-underlying-scientific-basis-of-indian-traditions-and-practices/? srsltid=Afm…. 10. https://www.hellomyyoga.com/blog/scientific-reasons-behind-hindu-traditions-indian-culture/